Arduino BT (BlueTooth)
Arduino BT (BlueTooth) |
Overview
The Arduino BT is a microcontroller board originally was based on the ATmega168, but now is supplied with the 328.
(datasheet) and the Bluegiga WT11 bluetooth module (details and datasheet
[pdf]). It supports wireless serial communication over bluetooth (but
is not compatible with Bluetooth headsets or other audio devices). It
has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs
and one can be used to reset the WT11 module), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz
crystal oscillator, screw terminals for power, an ICSP header, and a
reset button. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller and can be programmed wirelessly over the Bluetooth
connection.
Summary
Microcontroller | ATmega328 |
Operating Voltage | 5V |
Input Voltage | 1.2-5.5 V |
Digital I/O Pins | 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) |
Analog Input Pins | 6 |
DC Current per I/O Pin | 40 mA |
DC Current for 3.3V Pin | 50 mA |
Flash Memory | 32 KB (of which 2 KB used by bootloader) |
SRAM | 2 KB |
EEPROM | 1 KB |
Clock Speed | 16 MHz |
Schematic & Reference Design
Reference Design: arduino-bt-reference-design.zip
Schematic: arduino_bt06.pdf
Power
The Arduino BT can be powered via the V+ and GND screw terminals.
The board contains a DC-DC convector that allows it to be powered with
as little as 1.2V, but a maximum of 5.5V. Higher voltages or reversed polarity in the power supply can damage or destroy the board.
The power pins are as follows:
- 9V. The input voltage to the Arduino board (i.e. the same as the V+ screw terminal). You can supply voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the screw terminals, access it through this pin. Warning: despite the label, do not attach 9V to this pin. It will damage the board.
- 5V. This pin outputs a regulated 5V from the regulator on the board. The board can be supplied with power either from the DC power jack (7 - 12V), the USB connector (5V), or the VIN pin of the board (7-12V). Supplying voltage via the 5V or 3.3V pins bypasses the regulator, and can damage your board. We don't advise it.
- GND. Ground pins.
Memory
The ATmega328 has 32 KB of flash memory
for storing code (of which 2 KB is used for the bootloader). It has 1
KB of SRAM and 512 bytes of EEPROM (which can be read and written with
the EEPROM library).
Input and Output
Each of the 14 digital pins on the BT can be used as an input or output, using pinMode(), digitalWrite(), and digitalRead()
functions. They operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or receive a
maximum of 40 mA and has an internal pull-up resistor (disconnected by
default) of 20-50 kOhms. In addition, some pins have specialized
functions:
- Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. These pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the Bluegiga WT11 module.
- External Interrupts: 2 and 3. These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. See the attachInterrupt() function for details.
- PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function.
- SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI communication, which, although provided by the underlying hardware, is not currently included in the Arduino language.
- BT Reset: 7. Connected to the reset line of the Bluegiga WT11 module, which is active high.
- LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off.
The BT has 6 analog inputs, each of
which provide 10 bits of resolution (i.e. 1024 different values). By
default they measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to
change the upper end of their range using the AREF pin and some
low-level code. Additionally, some pins have specialized functionality:
- I2C: 4 (SDA) and 5 (SCL). Support I2C (TWI) communication using the Wire library (documentation on the Wiring website).
There are a couple of other pins on the board:
- AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with analogReference().
See also the mapping between Arduino pins and ATmega168/328 ports.
Arduino BT-Another view |
Bluetooth Communication
The Bluegiga WT11 module on the Arduino BT provides Bluetooth communication with computers, phones, and other Bluetooth devices. The WT11 communicates with the ATmega328
via serial (shared with the RX and TX pins on the board). It comes
configured for 115200 baud communication. The module should be
configurable and detectable by your operating system's bluetooth
drivers, which should then provide a virtual com port for use by other
applications. The Arduino software includes a serial monitor which
allows simple textual data to be sent to and from the Arduino board over
this bluetooth connection. The board can also be reprogrammed using
this same wireless connection.
The WT11 is
specially configured for use in the Arduino BT. Its name is set to
ARDUINOBT and passcode to 12345. For details, see the complete initialization sketch.
Communication
The Arduino BT has a number of other facilities for communicating. The ATmega328's UART TTL (5V) serial communication is available on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX) as well as being connected to the WT11 module.
A SoftwareSerial library allows for serial communication on any of the BT's digital pins.
The ATmega328 also supports I2C (TWI) and SPI communication. The Arduino software includes a Wire library to simplify use of the I2C bus; see the documentation on the Wiring website for details. To use the SPI communication, please see the ATmega328 datasheet.
Programming
The Arduino BT can be programmed with the Arduino software (download).
The ATmega328 on the Arduino BT comes preburned with a bootloader
that allows you to upload new code to it without the use of an external
hardware programmer. It communicates using the original STK500 protocol (reference, C header files).
You can also bypass the bootloader and program the ATmega328 through the ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header.
Physical Characteristics
The maximum length and width of the BT are approximately 3.2 and 2.1
inches respectively. Three screw holes allow the board to be attached
to a surface or case. Note that the distance between digital pins 7 and
8 is 160 mil (0.16"), not an even multiple of the 100 mil spacing of
the other pins.
Information source : arduino.cc
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